Noggin Presents: Oobi (partially lost series of interstitial shorts; 2000-2002): Difference between revisions

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{{NeedingWork|lack of concrete references}}
{{InfoboxLost
{{InfoboxLost
|title=<center>Oobi</center>
|title=<center>Noggin Presents: Oobi</center>
|image=Oobi.png
|image=Noggin-Presents-Oobi.png
|imagecaption=The show's logo.
|imagecaption=A scene from the intro used for Noggin airings.
|status=<span style="color:orange;">'''Partially Found'''</span>
|status=<span style="color:orange;">'''Partially Lost'''</span>
}}
}}
'''''Oobi''''' was a puppet TV series that was co-produced by Sesame Workshop and Nickelodeon for Noggin.
The first season of the Noggin/Nickelodeon show ''Oobi'' was a series of two-minute interstitial shorts.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20041227045328/http://www.worldscreen.com/print.php?filename=selig Interview with Little Airplane's Josh Selig] Retrieved 24 Feb '19.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120807181845/http://www.hello.timlagasse.com/2011/02/06/directing-resume/ Tim Lagasse's website] Retrieved 15 Oct '20.</ref> These shorts were billed as '''''Noggin Presents: Oobi''''' and aired during commercial breaks on Noggin and Nickelodeon, beginning in 2000. They were shown regularly until April 2003, when the show was turned into a half-hour series for its second season. Nickelodeon stopped airing the shorts altogether on their main network, but sparse airings continued on Noggin until 2007.


The show began as a series of shorts that aired during commercial breaks on Noggin starting from 2000. The success of the shorts led to full episodes being produced. The full episodes aired from 2003 until 2005. In 2007, however, Nickelodeon pulled the plug on their partnership with Sesame Workshop. While the full episodes continued to air in reruns on Noggin, the shorts did not.
The half-hour episodes are widely distributed; all of them have been released by Nickelodeon in "Complete Series" collections on Amazon Video and YouTube. However, the full set of ''shorts'' hasn't seen an official release. A good number of them have been found in home-recorded tapes of Noggin and Nick Jr., but the rest are not currently available online.


==Premise==
==History==
The show is set in a neighborhood populated by bare-hand puppets, and is shown from the perspective of a 4-year-old boy named Oobi. The puppets tend to interact with the audience and encourage them to join in on whatever they are doing. The puppets speak in clipped sentences (ex. "Uma, school, first day!" instead of "It's my first day of school!").
In the United States, the shorts were shown on Noggin and Nickelodeon during its Nick Jr. block. Like its other interstitial programming, Nickelodeon had no specific schedule for airing them and played the shorts at random intervals. On Noggin, one short was played before each 30-minute show from 6 AM to 6 PM.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.noggin.com:80/activities/oobi/home.swf?feature=1 Archive of Noggin's Oobi homepage] Retrieved 24 Feb '19.</ref> After the second season started airing on April 7th, 2003, Noggin stopped airing the shorts as frequently and adopted the same randomized schedule as Nick Jr.


Oobi lives in an old-fashioned single-story home with his excitable little sister, Uma, and somewhat hapless grandfather, Grampu. Oobi's best friend, Kako, lives right across the street and visits often. Each episode focuses on Oobi discovering or learning more about a particular concept, such as a game or sport. Uma and Kako provide comic relief, often misunderstanding Oobi's discoveries in a comical way.
In Canada, TVOntario aired 46 of the shorts on a rotating schedule.<ref>[http://www.ontla.on.ca/library/repository/ser/13855/2004/200401jan.pdf TVOntario schedule from January 2004] Retrieved 24 Feb '19.</ref> TVO's schedule catalogues are the source of official titles for many of the shorts. However, some of them ("Itsy Bitsy Spider!" and "Toys!") don't appear at all on their schedules, indicating that TVO didn't air the complete collection.


==Availability==
==Availability==
While all of the full episodes are available to legally watch for free [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCypysWGpVkHdEIloVy6yo-A| on YouTube], 14 of the 48 known shorts are completely lost.
Shortened versions of "Dance!" and "Bubble Bath!" were released on Nick Jr. DVDs from 2003 to 2004, but that was it in terms of official releases. 48 shorts are confirmed to exist, but it is unknown how many were made in total.


===Episodes===
===Episodes===
16 of the 48 known shorts are currently lost. 5 more currently exist in an incomplete form.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
|-
! style="background-color:green" | #
! style="background-color:lightblue" | #
! style="background-color:green" | Episode Title
! style="background-color:lightblue" | Episode Title
! style="background-color:green" | Status
! style="background-color:lightblue" | Status
! style="background-color:green" | Notes
! style="background-color:lightblue" | Notes
|-
|-
|1||"Dance!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zu0U0Sb3Wmo<span style="color:orange;">'''Partially Lost'''</span>]||Available on the '''Blue's Clues: Shapes and Colors!''' and the '''Dora the Explorer: Rhymes and Riddles''' DVDs, albeit lacking the ending.
|1||"Dance!"||[https://youtu.be/zu0U0Sb3Wmo<span style="color:orange;">'''Partially Lost''']||The ending is missing.
|-
|-
|2||"Tag!"||<span style="color:red;">''Lost''</span>
|2||"Tag!"||[https://archive.org/details/noggin-presents-oobi-shorts/Oobi-02-Tag.mp4<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|3||"Flush!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqNnoY1g8xs<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]
|3||"Flush!"||[https://youtu.be/jqNnoY1g8xs<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|4||"On and Off!"||<span style="color:red;">''Lost''</span>
|4||"On and Off!"||<span style="color:red;">'''Lost'''||
|-
|-
|5||"Share Pretzels!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4ULzhRTxM4<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]
|5||"Share Pretzels!"||[https://youtu.be/a4ULzhRTxM4<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|6||"Watermelon!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eVF7Fcraw6Q<span style="color:orange;">'''Partially Found'''</span>]||The last 10 seconds of this short are available online.
|6||"Watermelon!"||[https://youtu.be/eVF7Fcraw6Q<span style="color:orange;">'''Partially Found''']||The last 10 seconds only.
|-
|-
|7||"Soup!"||<span style="color:orange;">'''Partially Found'''</span>||A short clip of this episode is featured in the shorts' opening sequence.
|7||"Soup!"||<span style="color:red;">'''Lost'''||Clips of this short are featured in the intro sequence.
|-
|-
|8||"Hotdog and Ketchup!"||<span style="color:red;">''Lost''</span>
|8||"Hot Dog and Ketchup!"||<span style="color:red;">'''Lost'''||
|-
|-
|9||"Prince Oobi!"||<span style="color:red;">''Lost''</span>
|9||"Prince Oobi!"||[https://youtu.be/4xQrC4qUjTQ<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|10||"Bubbles!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kGRuNy-fTY0<span style="color:orange;">'''Partially Found'''</span>]||The last 15 seconds of this short are available online.
|10||"Bubbles!"||<span style="color:orange;">'''Partially Found'''</span><br/>([https://youtu.be/kGRuNy-fTY0 1] <nowiki>|</nowiki> [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rl8QsAWYiC847kgUqDlDphamm2ct6cE9/view 2])||Most of the audio and the last 15 seconds of footage have been found.
|-
|-
|11||"Empty and Full!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nk4I0AZG6Dc<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]
|11||"Empty and Full!"||[https://youtu.be/nk4I0AZG6Dc<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|12||"Popcorn!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nk4I0AZG6Dc<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]
|12||"Popcorn!"||[https://youtu.be/nk4I0AZG6Dc<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|13||"Worm!"||<span style="color:orange;">'''Partially Found'''</span>||A short clip of this episode is featured in the shorts' opening sequence.
|13||"Worm!"||<span style="color:red;">'''Lost'''||A clip of this short is featured in the intro sequence.
|-
|-
|14||"Apple Picking!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BDqH-oKt6AY<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]
|14||"Apple Picking!"||[https://youtu.be/BDqH-oKt6AY<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|15||"Pretend Wind!"||<span style="color:red;">''Lost''</span>
|15||"Pretend Wind!"||<span style="color:red;">'''Lost'''||
|-
|-
|16||"Tea!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rF87cz-fVHE<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]
|16||"Tea!"||[https://youtu.be/rF87cz-fVHE<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|17||"Ice Cream!"||<span style="color:red;">''Lost''</span>
|17||"Ice Cream!"||<span style="color:red;">'''Lost'''||
|-
|-
|18||"Water Games!"||<span style="color:red;">''Lost''</span>||A low-quality screenshot of this episode exists online.
|18||"Water Games!"||[https://youtu.be/fOqrqtsonJw<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|19||"Guess!"||<span style="color:red;">''Lost''</span>||A screenshot of this episode exists online.
|19||"Guess!"||[https://youtu.be/9z_dv0cti1U<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||Low-quality.
|-
|-
|20||"Bird!"||<span style="color:red;">''Lost''</span>
|20||"Bird!"||[https://youtu.be/P_hLURKHuLU<span style="color:orange;">'''Partially Lost''']||The first few seconds are missing.
|-
|-
|21||"Cat!"||<span style="color:red;">''Lost''</span>
|21||"Cat!"||<span style="color:red;">'''Lost'''||
|-
|-
|22||"Puppy!"||<span style="color:red;">''Lost''</span>
|22||"Puppy!"||<span style="color:red;">'''Lost'''||
|-
|-
|23||"Animal Cookies!"||<span style="color:orange;">'''Partially Found'''</span>||A short clip of this episode is featured in the shorts' opening sequence.
|23||"Animal Cookies!"||[https://youtu.be/OTkLT2oJ134<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|24||"Slide!"||<span style="color:orange;">'''Partially Found'''</span>||A short clip of this episode is featured in a promo.
|24||"Slide!"||<span style="color:red;">'''Lost'''||A clip of this short is featured in a promo.
|-
|-
|25||"Follow the Leader!"||<span style="color:red;">''Lost''</span>
|25||"Follow the Leader!"||[https://youtu.be/776P_xzFnmg<span style="color:orange;">'''Partially Lost''']||The first few seconds are missing.
|-
|-
|26||"Peekaboo!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=38o6cP2Wj0c<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]
|26||"Peekaboo!"||[https://youtu.be/38o6cP2Wj0c<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|27||"Dig!"||<span style="color:red;">'''Lost'''</span>||A photograph of the production of this short is featured on [http://www.timlagasse.com/#/oobi/ Tim Lagasse's website].
|27||"Dig!"||<span style="color:red;">'''Lost'''||
|-
|-
|28||"Hide and Seek!"||<span style="color:orange;">'''Partially Found'''</span>||A short clip of this episode is featured in the shorts' opening sequence.
|28||"Hide and Seek!"||<span style="color:red;">'''Lost'''||A clip of this short is featured in the intro sequence.
|-
|-
|29||"Nature!"||<span style="color:orange;">'''Partially Found'''</span>||A short clip of this episode is featured in a promo.
|29||"Nature!"||<span style="color:red;">'''Lost'''||A clip of this short is featured in a promo.
|-
|-
|30||"Pretend Catch!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c_lxyjNKk_g<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]
|30||"Pretend Catch!"||[https://youtu.be/c_lxyjNKk_g<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|31||"Music!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l0qHBEKIxkc<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]
|31||"Music!"||[https://youtu.be/l0qHBEKIxkc<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|32||"Guitar!"||<span style="color:orange;">'''Partially Found'''</span>||A short clip of this episode is featured in a promo.
|32||"Guitar!"||<span style="color:red;">'''Lost'''||A clip of this short is featured in a promo.
|-
|-
|33||"Bongo Drums!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oI67hF0Keos<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]
|33||"Bongo Drums!"||[https://youtu.be/oI67hF0Keos<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|34||"Quiet Read!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DnuE-WzAoxM<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]
|34||"Quiet Read!"||[https://youtu.be/DnuE-WzAoxM<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||Low-quality.
|-
|-
|35||"Clap Hands!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3WBZsz0NI-c<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]
|35||"Clap Hands!"||[https://youtu.be/3WBZsz0NI-c<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|36||"Painting!"||<span style="color:red;">''Lost''</span>||A low-quality screenshot of this episode exists online.
|36||"Painting!"||[https://youtu.be/PcjelN5BMI8<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|37||"Macaroni Jewelry!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8RfnTAxkVUs<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]
|37||"Macaroni Jewelry!"||[https://youtu.be/8RfnTAxkVUs<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|38||"Paint Shapes!"||<span style="color:red;">''Lost''</span>
|38||"Paint Shapes!"||[https://archive.org/details/noggin-presents-oobi-shorts/Oobi-38-Paint-Shapes.mp4<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|39||"Pinch Pot!"||<span style="color:orange;">'''Partially Found'''</span>||A short clip of this episode is featured in the shorts' opening sequence.
|39||"Pinch Pot!"||<span style="color:red;">'''Lost'''||A clip of this short is featured in the intro sequence.
|-
|-
|40||"Drawing Game!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YIMEAoP_ao8<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]
|40||"Drawing Game!"||[https://youtu.be/YIMEAoP_ao8<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|41||"Neighborhood Art!"||<span style="color:red;">''Lost''</span>
|41||"Neighborhood Art!"||[https://archive.org/details/noggin-presents-oobi-shorts/Oobi-41-Neighborhood-Art.mp4<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|42||"Toothpaste!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XrKqHO3hK4Y<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]
|42||"Toothpaste!"||[https://youtu.be/XrKqHO3hK4Y<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||Low-quality.
|-
|-
|43||"Feelings!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QtG9jv-Ye7k<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]
|43||"Feelings!"||[https://youtu.be/QtG9jv-Ye7k<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|44||"Cake!"||<span style="color:red;">''Lost''</span>
|44||"Cake!"||<span style="color:red;">'''Lost'''||
|-
|-
|45||"Wet and Dry!"||<span style="color:red;">''Lost''</span>
|45||"Wet and Dry!"||<span style="color:red;">'''Lost'''||
|-
|-
|46||"Bubble Bath!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=llQRX9YoFPo<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]||Available on the '''Dora the Explorer: City of Lost Toys''' and the '''Blue's Clues: Blue Takes You to School''' DVDs, albeit lacking the beginning.
|46||"Bubble Bath!"||[https://youtu.be/uJ10pDPzfwg<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|47||"Itsy Bitsy Spider!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2eJnk0zd7C4<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]
|47||"Itsy Bitsy Spider!"||[https://youtu.be/l6c_PU8PTWw<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|-
|-
|48||"Toys!"||[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wGuOUL0P7aw<span style="color:green;">'''Found'''</span>]
|48||"Toys!"||[https://youtu.be/wGuOUL0P7aw<span style="color:green;">'''Found''']||
|}
|}
==Photo Gallery==
==Photo Gallery==
===Screenshots===
===Screenshots===
<gallery mode=packed heights=175px>
<gallery mode=packed heights=175px>
Watergames!.png|A low-quality screenshot of "Water Games!".
Oobi-Worm-short.jpg|A screenshot of "Worm!".
Guess!.jpg|A screenshot of "Guess!".
Oobi-Hide-Seek-short.jpg|A screenshot of "Hide and Seek!".
Painting!.jpg|A low-quality screenshot of "Painting!".
Painting!.jpg|A low-quality screenshot of "Painting!".
Nature!.png|A screenshot of "Nature!", taken from a promo.
</gallery>
</gallery>
===Production Photo===
===Production Photo===
<gallery mode=packed heights=175px>
<gallery mode=packed heights=175px>
Dig!.png|A photograph of the production of "Dig!".
Dig!.png|A photograph of the production of "Prince Oobi!", which is featured on [http://www.timlagasse.com/#/oobi/ Tim Lagasse's website].
</gallery>
</gallery>
==Videos==
==Videos==
{{Video|perrow  =1
{{Video|perrow  =4
   |service1    =youtube
   |service1    =youtube
   |id1          =Wur9-uMi3rc
   |id1          =Wur9-uMi3rc
   |description1 =The short's opening sequence, which contains various clips from currently lost shorts.
   |description1 =The intro sequence, which contains clips from some of the lost shorts.
  |service2    =youtube
  |id2          =JLzi4kii6eo
  |description2 =A musical Noggin commercial, which contains a short clip from "Guitar!".
  |service3    =youtube
  |id3          =Rm-5aqCUJSc
  |description3 =A musical Noggin commercial, which contains clips from "Nature!" and "Slide!".
  |service4    =youtube
  |id4          =YRePuJzkRDk
  |description4 =Promos for the Noggin website, one of which contains a clip from "Dance!"'s missing scene.
}}
}}
==External Links==
==External Links==
*[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0352085/ IMDb article on ''Oobi''.]
*[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0352085/ IMDb article on ''Oobi''.]
*[https://oobi.fandom.com/wiki/List_of_Oobi_episodes Oobi Wikia article on the show's list of episodes.]
*[https://oobi.fandom.com/wiki/List_of_Oobi_episodes Oobi Wikia article on the show's list of episodes.]
==References==
{{reflist}}


[[Category:Lost advertising and interstitial material]]
[[Category:Lost advertising and interstitial material]]
[[Category:Lost puppetry]]
[[Category:Lost puppetry]]
[[Category:Lost TV]]
[[Category:Lost TV]]
[[Category:Partially found media]]
[[Category:Partially lost media]]

Revision as of 19:45, 6 February 2021

Noggin-Presents-Oobi.png

A scene from the intro used for Noggin airings.

Status: Partially Lost

The first season of the Noggin/Nickelodeon show Oobi was a series of two-minute interstitial shorts.[1][2] These shorts were billed as Noggin Presents: Oobi and aired during commercial breaks on Noggin and Nickelodeon, beginning in 2000. They were shown regularly until April 2003, when the show was turned into a half-hour series for its second season. Nickelodeon stopped airing the shorts altogether on their main network, but sparse airings continued on Noggin until 2007.

The half-hour episodes are widely distributed; all of them have been released by Nickelodeon in "Complete Series" collections on Amazon Video and YouTube. However, the full set of shorts hasn't seen an official release. A good number of them have been found in home-recorded tapes of Noggin and Nick Jr., but the rest are not currently available online.

History

In the United States, the shorts were shown on Noggin and Nickelodeon during its Nick Jr. block. Like its other interstitial programming, Nickelodeon had no specific schedule for airing them and played the shorts at random intervals. On Noggin, one short was played before each 30-minute show from 6 AM to 6 PM.[3] After the second season started airing on April 7th, 2003, Noggin stopped airing the shorts as frequently and adopted the same randomized schedule as Nick Jr.

In Canada, TVOntario aired 46 of the shorts on a rotating schedule.[4] TVO's schedule catalogues are the source of official titles for many of the shorts. However, some of them ("Itsy Bitsy Spider!" and "Toys!") don't appear at all on their schedules, indicating that TVO didn't air the complete collection.

Availability

Shortened versions of "Dance!" and "Bubble Bath!" were released on Nick Jr. DVDs from 2003 to 2004, but that was it in terms of official releases. 48 shorts are confirmed to exist, but it is unknown how many were made in total.

Episodes

16 of the 48 known shorts are currently lost. 5 more currently exist in an incomplete form.

# Episode Title Status Notes
1 "Dance!" Partially Lost The ending is missing.
2 "Tag!" Found
3 "Flush!" Found
4 "On and Off!" Lost
5 "Share Pretzels!" Found
6 "Watermelon!" Partially Found The last 10 seconds only.
7 "Soup!" Lost Clips of this short are featured in the intro sequence.
8 "Hot Dog and Ketchup!" Lost
9 "Prince Oobi!" Found
10 "Bubbles!" Partially Found
(1 | 2)
Most of the audio and the last 15 seconds of footage have been found.
11 "Empty and Full!" Found
12 "Popcorn!" Found
13 "Worm!" Lost A clip of this short is featured in the intro sequence.
14 "Apple Picking!" Found
15 "Pretend Wind!" Lost
16 "Tea!" Found
17 "Ice Cream!" Lost
18 "Water Games!" Found
19 "Guess!" Found Low-quality.
20 "Bird!" Partially Lost The first few seconds are missing.
21 "Cat!" Lost
22 "Puppy!" Lost
23 "Animal Cookies!" Found
24 "Slide!" Lost A clip of this short is featured in a promo.
25 "Follow the Leader!" Partially Lost The first few seconds are missing.
26 "Peekaboo!" Found
27 "Dig!" Lost
28 "Hide and Seek!" Lost A clip of this short is featured in the intro sequence.
29 "Nature!" Lost A clip of this short is featured in a promo.
30 "Pretend Catch!" Found
31 "Music!" Found
32 "Guitar!" Lost A clip of this short is featured in a promo.
33 "Bongo Drums!" Found
34 "Quiet Read!" Found Low-quality.
35 "Clap Hands!" Found
36 "Painting!" Found
37 "Macaroni Jewelry!" Found
38 "Paint Shapes!" Found
39 "Pinch Pot!" Lost A clip of this short is featured in the intro sequence.
40 "Drawing Game!" Found
41 "Neighborhood Art!" Found
42 "Toothpaste!" Found Low-quality.
43 "Feelings!" Found
44 "Cake!" Lost
45 "Wet and Dry!" Lost
46 "Bubble Bath!" Found
47 "Itsy Bitsy Spider!" Found
48 "Toys!" Found

Photo Gallery

Screenshots

Production Photo

Videos

The intro sequence, which contains clips from some of the lost shorts.

A musical Noggin commercial, which contains a short clip from "Guitar!".

A musical Noggin commercial, which contains clips from "Nature!" and "Slide!".

Promos for the Noggin website, one of which contains a clip from "Dance!"'s missing scene.

External Links

References

  1. Interview with Little Airplane's Josh Selig Retrieved 24 Feb '19.
  2. Tim Lagasse's website Retrieved 15 Oct '20.
  3. Archive of Noggin's Oobi homepage Retrieved 24 Feb '19.
  4. TVOntario schedule from January 2004 Retrieved 24 Feb '19.